Elmaghloub, R., Elbahrawy, A., eldidamony, G., Askora, A. (2025). Long-term Impact of Primary Hepatitis B Prevention on Egyptian Blood Donors: A 20-Year Follow-Up After Perinatal Vaccination. Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 2025(2), 143-153. doi: 10.21608/bfszu.2024.320804.1428
Reem Elmaghloub; Ashraf Elbahrawy; gamal eldidamony; Ahmed Askora. "Long-term Impact of Primary Hepatitis B Prevention on Egyptian Blood Donors: A 20-Year Follow-Up After Perinatal Vaccination". Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 2025, 2, 2025, 143-153. doi: 10.21608/bfszu.2024.320804.1428
Elmaghloub, R., Elbahrawy, A., eldidamony, G., Askora, A. (2025). 'Long-term Impact of Primary Hepatitis B Prevention on Egyptian Blood Donors: A 20-Year Follow-Up After Perinatal Vaccination', Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 2025(2), pp. 143-153. doi: 10.21608/bfszu.2024.320804.1428
Elmaghloub, R., Elbahrawy, A., eldidamony, G., Askora, A. Long-term Impact of Primary Hepatitis B Prevention on Egyptian Blood Donors: A 20-Year Follow-Up After Perinatal Vaccination. Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 2025; 2025(2): 143-153. doi: 10.21608/bfszu.2024.320804.1428
Long-term Impact of Primary Hepatitis B Prevention on Egyptian Blood Donors: A 20-Year Follow-Up After Perinatal Vaccination
1Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
2Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
3Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
4Botany and microbiology department,Faculty of science,Zagazig University
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the long-term persistence of antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) and the incidence of HBV breakthrough infections in a cohort of Egyptian blood donors, 20 years following their primary vaccination. The study involved 1,500 blood donors, all of whom were born after 1992 and had undergone routine hepatitis B vaccination. Anti-HBs levels were determined using a quantitative immunoassay, and the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as well as antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were assessed. For donors who tested positive for anti-HBc and/or HBsAg (n=8), further analysis of HBV DNA was conducted through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results indicated that the mean age of the participants was 20.02 ± 1.93 years, with 61% (916) being male. A significant portion of the cohort, 66.6% (999 donors), had anti-HBs levels below the protective threshold of 10 mIU/ml, with an average anti-HBs level of 33.1 ± 112.4 mIU/ml across the entire group. Additionally, eight donors (0.5%) were identified as having prior HBV exposure, as evidenced by positive anti-HBc results. Of these, seven had anti-HBs levels lower than 10 mIU/ml. Notably, one donor (12.5%) among those positive for anti-HBc exhibited signs of active HBV infection, as demonstrated by the presence of both HBsAg and detectable HBV DNA. In conclusion, 66.6% of the vaccinated blood donors exhibited non-protective anti-HBs levels two decades post-vaccination, suggesting a marked decline in immunity over time.
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