Gouda, A., elsheikh, R., Abdalla, S., Jumaa, N., Elsaify, N., Soliman, N., Ghazy, A., El Said, A. (2025). Utilization of charge transfer complexation reaction for spectrophotometric determination of dronedarone hydrochloride in pure and dosage forms. Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 2025(2), 1-13. doi: 10.21608/bfszu.2024.303567.1411
Ayman A Gouda; Ragaa elsheikh; Sameh Abdalla; Nessma M. Jumaa; Noha E.M. Elsaify; Nehal S.A. Soliman; Ahmed Ghazy; Asmaa El Said. "Utilization of charge transfer complexation reaction for spectrophotometric determination of dronedarone hydrochloride in pure and dosage forms". Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 2025, 2, 2025, 1-13. doi: 10.21608/bfszu.2024.303567.1411
Gouda, A., elsheikh, R., Abdalla, S., Jumaa, N., Elsaify, N., Soliman, N., Ghazy, A., El Said, A. (2025). 'Utilization of charge transfer complexation reaction for spectrophotometric determination of dronedarone hydrochloride in pure and dosage forms', Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 2025(2), pp. 1-13. doi: 10.21608/bfszu.2024.303567.1411
Gouda, A., elsheikh, R., Abdalla, S., Jumaa, N., Elsaify, N., Soliman, N., Ghazy, A., El Said, A. Utilization of charge transfer complexation reaction for spectrophotometric determination of dronedarone hydrochloride in pure and dosage forms. Bulletin of Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 2025; 2025(2): 1-13. doi: 10.21608/bfszu.2024.303567.1411
Utilization of charge transfer complexation reaction for spectrophotometric determination of dronedarone hydrochloride in pure and dosage forms
1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
Abstract
The current research focuses on creating and validate two straightforward, sensitive, precise, and cost-effective spectrophotometric techniques for detecting dronedarone hydrochloride (DND) in its pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations. The methods rely on creating a charge transfer complex between DND as the n-electron donor and either quinalizarin (Quinz) or alizarin red S (ARS) as the π-acceptor in methanol. This results in the formation of highly colored chromogens with absorption peaks at 560 nm for Quinz and 531 nm for ARS. The study examined the optimization of reaction parameters, including solvent type, reagent concentration, and reaction time. The stoichiometric ratio of the charge transfer complexes produced was determined to be 1:1 (DND:reagent) using Job's method of continuous variation for both approaches. Beer's law is followed within the concentration ranges of 1.0–20 μg/ml using Quinz and 1.0–16 μg/ml using ARS under ideal conditions. This is supported by a high correlation coefficient (r2 ≥ 0.9994) and a low relative standard deviation (RSD% ≤ 1.0). The detection and quantification limits were determined to be 3.0 and 1.0 µg/ml for Quinz, or ARS. The approaches were effectively used to determine DND in its pharmaceutical formulations, and the validity was assessed using the usual addition procedure. The results obtained using the proposed approaches for the pure DND and commercial tablets closely matched those obtained using the reported method.
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